Non-recovery (n = 95)

Recovery (n = 76)

Model 1

Model 2

n

%

n

%

Adjusted RR

P-value

Adjusted RR

P-value

Adjustment variables

Whiplash grade

NS

NS

grade 1

32

33.7

30

39.5

ref

ref

grade 2

63

66.3

46

60.5

1.1 [0.8 - 1.4]

1.0 [0.8 - 1.3]

Gender

<0.04

NS

Male

30

31.6

34

44.7

ref

ref

Female

65

68.4

42

55.3

1.3 [1.0 - 1.8]

1.2 [1.0 - 1.5]

Age

<0.05

NS

16 - 24 yrs

22

23.2

32

42.1

ref

ref

25 - 34 yrs

32

33.7

14

18.4

1.6 [1.1 - 2.3]

1.3 [0.9 - 1.7]

35 - 44 yrs

25

26.3

15

19.7

1.4 [0.9 - 2.0]

1.1 [0.8 - 1.4]

>=45 yrs

16

16.8

15

19.7

1.2 [0.7 - 1.9]

0.9 [0.6 - 1.3]

Inclusion variables

Pre-accident event: birth

<0.01

NS

No

68

71.6

65

85.5

ref

ref

Yes

27

28.4

11

14.5

1.6 [1.2 - 2.1]

1.1 [0.9 - 1.4]

Pre-accident event: Death, hospital admission

<0.04

NS

No

56

58.9

56

73.7

ref

ref

Yes

39

41.1

20

26.3

1.3 [1.0 - 1.7]

1.2 [0.9 - 1.4]

Responsibility

<0.03

NS

No

79

83.2

49

64.5

ref

ref

Yes

16

16.8

27

35.5

0.7 [0.4 - 1.0]

0.8 [0.6 - 1.1]

1-year variables

Memory disorder

-

<0.01

Not at all or Not more than usual

63

66.3

73

96.1

ref

A little or Much more than usual

32

33.7

3

3.9

1.5 [1.2 - 1.8]

Disabling pain

-

<0.0001

No

19

20.0

66

86.8

ref

Yes

75

78.9

10

13.2

3.3 [2.2 - 5.1]